ʻO ka ʻimi mau ʻana i ka pololei o ka pae micron i ka hana ʻana o kēia au ua hoʻokuke i nā mea kuʻuna i ko lākou palena kino loa. ʻOiai ʻo nā ʻoihana mai ka hana semiconductor a i nā optics kiʻekiʻe e koi ana i nā hoʻomanawanui paʻa, ua neʻe ke kamaʻilio ʻana mai nā metala maʻamau a i nā hiki kupaianaha o nā keramika ʻenehana. Ma ka puʻuwai o kēia evolution e waiho ana i kahi nīnau kumu: pehea e hiki ai i nā mea hana ke hoʻokō i ke kūpaʻa kūpono a me ka neʻe ʻole o ka friction i loko o kahi ʻano kahi hiki i kahi ʻāpana microscopic ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻino? Loaʻa ka pane i ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā keramika porous a me nā ʻāpana zirconia kiʻekiʻe.
Ke nānā mākou i nā pilikia i kū i nā ʻenekinia e hoʻohana ana i nā mīkini wili kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka pilikia nui ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka pili kino a me ka wela. Hoʻokomo pinepine ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mīkini kuʻuna a i ʻole nā chucks vacuum maʻamau i nā pilikia minuke i loko o kahi ʻāpana hana, e alakaʻi ana i ka deformation i ʻike wale ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope akā hōʻino i ka pono o ka huahana hope loa. ʻO kēia kahi e hana hou ai ka hana hou o kapā omono nā noi mīkini wili ua loli nui. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano keramika kūikawā, hāʻawi kēia mau papa i kahi pae o ka hoʻolaha like ʻana o ke kaomi i hiki ʻole ke loaʻa ma mua, e hōʻoia ana e noho palahalaha loa ka workpiece me ka ʻole o nā kiko koʻikoʻi kūloko i maʻamau i nā mea hao.
ʻO ka "kilokilo" maoli e hana ʻia ke nānā pono mākou i ka ʻepekema mea o kahi ʻāpana keramika porous e lana ana. ʻAʻole e like me nā mea paʻa, ʻo nā keramika porous i hana ʻia he pūnaewele i hoʻomalu ʻia a pili pū ʻia o nā pores microscopic. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka ea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma o kēia ʻano, hana ia i kahi "cushion ea" lahilahi a paʻakikī loa. ʻAe kēia i ka lawelawe ʻole ʻana i nā wafers palupalu a i ʻole ke aniani lahilahi loa, e lana pono ana i ka ʻāpana ma luna o kahi moena ea. No ka lehulehu honua e kālele ana i ka pono semiconductor, ʻaʻole wale kēia ʻenehana he hoʻonui; he mea pono ia no ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nalowale o ka hua a me ka pale ʻana i ka haumia o ka ʻili.
Eia nō naʻe, hilinaʻi nui ka pono o kēia mau ʻōnaehana i ka maikaʻi o nā lako a puni. ʻO kahi ʻōnaehana ea hana kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana omo e like me ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻikuhi e kākoʻo ana iā ia. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka piʻi ʻana o ke koi no nā ʻāpana keramika paʻa e hana ana ma ke ʻano he iwi kuamoʻo o ka mīkini. ʻOiai nā ʻāpana porous e mālama i ka interface palupalu o ka cushion ea, ʻo ka paʻanā ʻāpana keramikahāʻawi i ka paʻa o ke ʻano a me ke kūpaʻa wela e pono ai e mālama i ke kūlike ma luna o nā miliona o nā pōʻaiapuni. No ka mea, he haʻahaʻa loa ka coefficient o ka hoʻonui wela o nā keramika i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kila kila a i ʻole ka alumini, noho paʻa lākou i ke ana ʻoiai ʻo ka friction o ka wili wikiwiki e hoʻoulu ai i ka wela ambient koʻikoʻi.
Ma waena o nā mea e alakaʻi ana i kēia hoʻouka ʻana, ʻo ka zirconia ($ZrO_2$) ke kū nei ma ke ʻano he "kila keramika" o ka ʻoihana. ʻO kona paʻakikī haki kū hoʻokahi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu e lilo ia i moho kūpono no nā ʻāpana e pono e hoʻomanawanui i nā ʻano ʻoihana ʻino me ka mālama ʻana i kahi ʻili maʻemaʻe. I loko o kahi pōʻaiapili wili, kūʻē nā ʻāpana zirconia i ka slurry abrasive a me ka ʻaʻahu mechanical mau e hoʻopau i nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o nā pule. Ma ke koho ʻana i ka zirconia no nā ʻāpana ala koʻikoʻi, ke hoʻopukapuka nei nā mea hana i ka lōʻihi a me ka hana hou ʻana o kā lākou laina hana holoʻokoʻa.
Mai kahi kuanaʻike honua, ʻo ka neʻe ʻana i kēia mau mea e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano ākea i ka ʻāina "Industrial 4.0". Ke ʻimi nei nā ʻoihana ʻenekinia ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika i nā hoa hana e hoʻomaopopo i ka nuance o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka nui o ka pore a me ke ʻano microscopic onā ʻili keramikaʻAʻole lawa ka hāʻawi wale ʻana i kahi mea paʻakikī; ʻo ka pahuhopu ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi interface hana. Inā he chuck vacuum keramika porous e paʻa ana i kahi wafer silicon me ka ikaika like a i ʻole kahi ala alakaʻi keramika mānoanoa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka pololei o ka huakaʻi sub-micron, ʻo ke kihi o kēia mau ʻenehana kahi e kūkulu ʻia ai ka hanauna hou o nā lako.
I ko mākou nānā ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka ʻenekinia pololei, e hohonu wale ana ka synergy ma waena o ka ʻenehana lana ea a me ka ʻepekema mea holomua. ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻoneʻe, paʻa, a hana i nā mea me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino kino ʻana ʻo ia ka "grail hemolele" o ka hana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pono kikoʻī o nā ʻano porous no ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka wai a me ka paʻakikī o ka zirconia dense no ka pono o ke kūkulu ʻana, ke ʻike nei nā ʻoihana hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokuke i kā lākou mau mīkini me ka wikiwiki a me ka pololei ma mua o ka wā ma mua. ʻO kēia ke kūlana hou o ka maikaʻi - kahi honua kahi e hana like ai ka ea a mākou e hanu ai a me nā keramika a mākou e hana ai i ka lokahi kūpono e hana i nā mea hana pololei loa i ka mōʻaukala kanaka.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-24-2025