Ma ke kahua o nā mea hana pono ʻoihana, ʻo ke kūpaʻa o ka granite e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i kāna ʻano minerale, ka nui o ka hoʻokumu ʻana, a me nā hōʻailona hana kino (e like me ka coefficient o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela, ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe wai, a me ka ikaika compressive), ma mua o kona kala ponoʻī. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike pinepine ke kala i nā ʻokoʻa o ka haku melemele a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana. No laila, i nā noi kūpono, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka granite o kekahi mau kala ma muli o kāna hana piha piha. ʻO kēia ka ʻike kikoʻī.
I. ʻAʻole hui ma waena o ke kala a me ke kūpaʻa
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka granite e kāna ʻano mineral, a pili pono ka ʻano mineral i kona mau waiwai kino:
ʻO ka pōhaku pōhaku māmā (e like me ke keʻokeʻo hina, ʻulaʻula māmā)
ʻO ka hui ʻana o ka mineral: ʻO ka nui o ka quartz a me ka feldspar (ka helu ʻana a hiki i ka 60% a hiki i ka 80%), me ka liʻiliʻi o ka mica a i ʻole amphibole.
ʻO ka Quartz (me ka mānoanoa o 2.65g/cm³) a me ka feldspar (me ka mānoanoa o 2.5-2.8g/cm³) he paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, paʻa kemika ikaika, a me kahi koena haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻonui wela (maʻamau 5-8 × 10⁻⁶/℃), a ʻaʻole maʻalahi i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mahana.
Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona: Hoʻokumu ʻia i loko o kahi kaiapuni honua paʻa (e like me ka hoʻomaha mālie i ka ʻāpana pāpaʻu o ka ʻōpala o ka Honua), me nā ʻāpana crystalline like ʻole, ka ʻano paʻa, porosity haʻahaʻa (0.3% - 0.7%), haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa wai absorption rate (<0.15%), a me ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka deformation.
Nā noi maʻamau: ʻO nā lako hana kīpē uila, nā kumu mea kani kikoʻī pololei (e like me nā paepae mīkini photolithography), pono e mālama i ka pololei o ke ana no ka manawa lōʻihi.
ʻO ka pōhaku ʻeleʻele (e like me ka ʻeleʻele, ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele)
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka minerala: Nui i nā minerala hao a me ka magnesium (e like me ka amphibole, biotite, pyroxene), a loaʻa kekahi hapa i nā minela metala kaumaha e like me ka magnetite a me ka ilmenite.
ʻO ka Amphibole (density 3.0-3.4g/cm³) a me ka biotite (density 2.7-3.1g/cm³) he mau density kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou coefficients o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela ma mua o ka quartz (a hiki i 8-12 × 10⁻⁶/℃) nā minerala.
Nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā: Hana ʻia i loko o nā kaiapuni kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe (e like me ka hoʻomaloʻo wikiwiki ʻana o ka pelemaka hohonu), me nā ʻāpana crystalline koʻikoʻi a me nā ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi o ka nui o ka hana. ʻO kekahi mau pōhaku ʻeleʻele (e like me Jinan Green) he ʻano ʻano like ʻole a kūpaʻa ma muli o ka hana magmatic ikaika a me ka hoʻokuʻu piha ʻana i ke kaumaha kūloko.
Nā mea hoʻohana maʻamau: Nā kumu mea hana mīkini hana kaumaha, nā mīkini ana hoʻonohonoho nui (CMM), pono e kū i nā ukana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kū'ē i ka hopena.
Ii. Nā hōʻailona kumu o ka paʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻoihana
Ma waho aʻe o ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻo nā koi koʻikoʻi no ka granite i loko o nā mea hana ʻoihana ʻenehana:
Paʻa wela
Hāʻawi i ka mea nui i ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano like me ka helu haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻonui wela (<8×10⁻⁶/℃) i mea e pale aku ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale pololei ʻana o nā mea hana ma muli o nā loli wela. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa wela ma muli o kona ʻano quartz kiʻekiʻe.
Ka hoʻopaʻa paʻa
ʻO Granite me ka porosity o lalo o 0.5% a me ka nui o ka absorption o ka wai ma lalo o 0.1% ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopili i ka makū a i ʻole nā mea haumia a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻohana lōʻihi. ʻO Jinan Green i loko o ka pōhakuʻeleʻele (me ka porosity o 0.3%) a me Shanxi Black i ka pōhaku māmā (me ka porosity o 0.2%) e hoʻokō i nā koi o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
Ka ikaika mīkini
ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka compressive ma mua o 150MPa a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka flexural ma mua o 12MPa, e hōʻoia ana i ka paʻa lōʻihi o ka lawe ʻana i nā mea pono. ʻO ka granite ʻeleʻele (e like me ka ʻeleʻele India) ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika mechanical ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā minerala hao a me ka magnesium a kūpono i nā hiʻohiʻona kaumaha.
Ke kū'ē i ka corrosion kemika
ʻO ka quartz a me ka feldspar ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka ʻakika a me ka palaka alkali. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka granite kala māmā (e like me ka sesame grey) no nā kaiapuni corrosive i loko o nā ʻoihana kemika a me nā semiconductor.
Iii. Nā Koho Mainstream a me nā hihia ma ke kahua ʻoihana
ʻO ka granite kala māmā: ʻO ke koho i makemake ʻia no nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe
ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole:
Keʻokeʻo Sesame: Hana ʻia ma Fujian, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele kona kala, me kahi ʻāpana quartz ma luna o 70%. ʻO 6×10⁻⁶/℃ kona helu helu o ka hoʻonui wela. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i loko o nā paepae mīkini lithography semiconductor a me nā mea nānā aerospace.
ʻO Jinan Green: ʻeleʻele hina, ʻano like ʻole, ikaika compressive 240MPa, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ke kumu o nā mīkini ana hoʻonohonoho (CMM).
Pōmaikaʻi: ʻO ka like ʻole o ka waihoʻoluʻu maikaʻi, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka calibration ala optical o nā lako optical; He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi thermal deformation a kūpono no ka nanometer-level precision koi.
ʻO ka pōhakuʻeleʻele: makemake ʻia no nā hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī a paʻa i ka hopena
ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole:
ʻEleʻele Galaxy: ʻEleʻele ka waihoʻoluʻu, loaʻa i ka ilmenite, me ka nui o 3.05g/cm³ a me ka ikaika compressive o 280MPa. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā kaʻa alakaʻi mīkini hana kaumaha a me nā mea hana kaʻa.
ʻEleʻele Mongolian: ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele, ka hapa nui o ka amphibole, me ke kūpaʻa ikaika o ka hopena, hoʻohana ʻia no ke kumu o nā mea hana mining.
Pōmaikaʻi: ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka rigidity ikaika, hiki ke komo i ka vibration mechanical, kūpono no nā wahi ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe.
ʻEhā. Ka hopena: ʻAʻole ke kala ke kumu hoʻoholo; ʻo ka hana ke kumu
Ka waihoʻoluʻu ≠ kūpaʻa: Loaʻa nā ʻano paʻa paʻa ʻelua o ka granite ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻeleʻele. Aia ke kī i ka maʻemaʻe o ka mineral, ke kūlike o ka hale, a me nā hōʻailona kino.
Kuʻuna hoʻololi i ke ʻano:
ʻO nā mea ʻike kikoʻī/electronic pono: E koho i nā ʻano kala māmā me ka maʻiʻo quartz kiʻekiʻe (e like me ke keʻokeʻo sesame), e hoʻoikaika ana i ka paʻa wela a me ka pololei o ka ʻili.
ʻO nā mīkini kaumaha / ʻoihana mīkini ʻenehana: E koho i nā ʻano kala ʻeleʻele, hao kiʻekiʻe o ka magnesium ore (e like me Jinan blue), e hoʻoikaika ana i ka ikaika mechanical a me ka pale ʻana i ka hopena.
Manaʻo kūʻai: E hōʻoia i nā ʻāpana e like me ka coefficient o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela, ka nui o ka absorption wai, a me ka ikaika compressive ma o nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo (e like me GB/T 18601-2020 "Natural Granite Building Slabs"), ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana ma ke kala wale nō.
I ka hopena, i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana, ʻo ke koho ʻana i ka granite ka mea nui i ka hana a hoʻohui ʻia e ke kala. Pono e hana ʻia kahi loiloi holoʻokoʻa i hui pū ʻia me nā koi pono lako a me nā wahi hoʻohana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-19-2025