ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ceramics a me nā ceramics precision

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ceramics a me nā ceramics precision

ʻO nā metala, nā mea kūlohelohe, a me nā seramika i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻekolu mau mea nui".Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka huaʻōlelo Ceramics mai Keramos, ka huaʻōlelo Helene no ka pālolo i puhi ʻia.ʻO ka mea i kapa mua ʻia i ka ceramics, i kēia manawa, ua hoʻomaka ka huaʻōlelo ceramics e kuhikuhi i nā mea non-metallic a me nā mea anorganic me nā mea refractory, aniani, a me ka sima.No nā kumu i luna aʻe nei, hiki ke wehewehe ʻia nā seramika e like me "nā huahana e hoʻohana ana i nā mea non-metallic a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea inorganic a kau ʻia i ka mālama wela kiʻekiʻe i ka hana hana".

Ma waena o nā seramika, pono ka hana kiʻekiʻe a me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe no nā seramika i hoʻohana ʻia i nā hana ʻoihana like ʻole, me ka ʻoihana uila.No laila, ua kapa ʻia lākou i kēia manawa he "ceramics precision" i mea e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā seramika maʻamau i hana ʻia mai nā mea kūlohelohe e like me ka pālolo a me ka silica.hoʻokaʻawale.ʻO nā ceramics maikaʻi nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka "koho ʻia a i ʻole synthesized raw material powder" ma o ka "kaʻina hana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia" a me ka "hoʻohui kemika i hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia".

ʻOkoʻa loa nā mea maka a me nā ʻano hana hana
ʻO nā mea waiwai i hoʻohana ʻia i nā seramika he mau mineral maoli, a ʻo nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia i nā seramika pololei he mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe loa ia.

ʻO nā huahana Ceramic nā hiʻohiʻona o ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi loa, ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ka insulation uila, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.Ma ke kumu o nā waiwai i luna, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mīkini, uila, optical, kemika, a me nā waiwai biochemical, a me nā hana ikaika.I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā seramika pololei i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me semiconductors, nā kaʻa, ka ʻike ʻike, nā mīkini ʻenehana, a me ka mālama olakino.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā seramika kuʻuna e like me nā seramika a me nā seramika maikaʻi e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i nā mea maka a me kā lākou hana hana.Hana ʻia nā seramika kuʻuna ma o ka hui ʻana i nā minela kūlohelohe e like me ka pōhaku lepo, feldspar, a me ka pālolo, a laila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a puhi ʻia.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, hoʻohana nā seramika maikaʻi i nā mea maka maoli i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, nā mea hana kūlohelohe i hoʻohui ʻia ma o ka mālama kemika, a me nā pūhui i loaʻa ʻole i ke ʻano.Ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā mea maka i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, hiki ke loaʻa kahi mea nona nā waiwai i makemake ʻia.Eia kekahi, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea maka i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i nā huahana kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohui ʻia me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā hana ikaika ma o nā kaʻina hana hoʻoponopono pololei e like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ke kī ʻana, a me ka wili.

Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā keramika:

1. ʻO ka ipu lepo a me nā seramika

1.1 Ka lepo

ʻO kahi ipu ʻaʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i hana ʻia ma ke kāwili ʻana i ka pālolo, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a puhi ʻia ma kahi wela haʻahaʻa (ma kahi o 800°C).ʻO kēia mau mea e pili ana i ka lepo Jomon-style, Yayoi-type earthenware, unearthed mea mai ka Middle and Near East ma 6000 BC a pēlā aku.ʻO nā huahana i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa ʻo nā ipu pua ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, nā pōhaku ʻulaʻula, nā kapuahi, nā kānana wai, etc.

1.2 Ka ipu lepo

Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo ia ma kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe (1000-1250 ° C) ma mua o ka lepo lepo, a loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻoheheʻe wai a he huahana puhi ia i hoʻohana ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻonani ʻana.ʻO kēia mau mea he SUEKI, RAKUYAKI, Maiolica, Delftware, a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

1.3 Porcelain

ʻO kahi huahana puhi keʻokeʻo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka silica a me ka feldspar i ka pālolo maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe (a i ʻole pōhaku lepo), ka hui ʻana, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a me ke kī ʻana.Hoʻohana ʻia nā aniani kala.Ua hoʻomohala ʻia i ka wā feudal (7th a me 8th century) o Kina e like me ka Sui Dynasty a me Tang Dynasty a laha i ka honua.Aia ka nui o Jingdezhen, Arita ware, Seto ware a pēlā aku.ʻO nā huahana i hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia manawa, ʻo ia ka papa ʻaina, insulators, arts and crafts, decorative tile a pēlā aku.

2. Nā mea hoʻolalelale

Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a puhi ʻia mai nā mea ʻaʻole e hōʻino i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā kapuahi no ka hoʻoheheʻe hao, ka hana kila a me ka hoʻoheheʻe aniani.

3. aniani

He paʻa amorphous i hana ʻia e ka hoʻomehana ʻana a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā mea maka e like me ke silica, ka limestone a me ka lehu soda.

4. Sima

He pauda i loaʻa ma ka hui ʻana i ka limestone a me ka silica, calcining, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka gypsum.Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wai, hoʻopili ʻia nā pōhaku a me ke one e hana ʻia i ke kō.

5. Mea Hana Hana Pono

ʻO nā ceramics maikaʻi nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia e ka "hoʻohana ʻana i ka pauka maka i koho ʻia a i ʻole synthesized, hoʻonohonoho kemika i hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia" + "kaʻina hana i kāohi ʻia".Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā seramika maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā hana, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā noi like ʻole e like me semiconductors, nā kaʻa, a me nā mīkini ʻenehana.Ua kapa ʻia nā seramika maikaʻi he seramika hou a me nā seramika holomua no kekahi manawa.